Issue 8

The title of the eight and final issue of the textbook Understanding rhetoric is going public. The main idea of this issue talks about using all the knowledge from the previous issues, and finally publish your paper. There are three main parts to this issue. Launching into the future, navigating among media, and entering the final frontier of publication. The first part talks about how you should look a different genres for future papers you may write. This is important because it is important not to write about the same thing multiple times. The issue says "using genres means tailoring what we want to say to meet the needs, interests, and expectations of particular audiences. The second part of the issue mainly talks about the use of social media in genres. It says "we can see genre conventions at play in many online spaces." Genres can be found all over the online space, in this issue this is shown as outer space to help the idea get across. What they mean with this is outer space is endless and the internet pretty much is as well. The third part of the issue mainly talks about finally publishing your paper. This is shown by the characters in a space ship going into to hyper drive. This is a metaphor to show you are putting it on the endless internet. The issue then stresses on the idea of copyright. you have to make sure your information is credible. On top of that you have to make sure you cite your sources if you do use other peoples information. This issue wraps up the book, with some last tips on how to really make sure your paper is up to par with standards and doesn't include any fallacies

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Issue 7 Blog post

The 7th issue in the book Understanding Rhetoric is called Rethinking Revision. The main points covered in this issue of the book are, Looking beyond the red ink, reviewing rhetorically, seeing through others eyes, and revising radically. This whole issue mainly talks about how to properly revise texts that you have written. It shows the reader multiple ways on how to properly revise a text.You first have to plan on what has to be changed about the text, aka whats wrong with it at this point in time. The author then has to get feedback from other people to make sure he/she didn't miss any important thing. people often overlook small things, so it is important to seek feedback to make sure you don't. The next step is to draft a backwards-outline, this will make sure you include all information needed withing the text. Sometimes you might have to rethink your thesis. make slight adjustments to make sure the whole text makes sense. Make sure you ask the question about what you are really arguing about in your text. This makes sure that you get your point across properly and without any repetitive or missing information. Revising your essay is a crucial step before you get to your final draft in writing. Sometimes people make one or two drafts before the final text is officially done. The final step before finalizing your text is to proof read. This makes sure that there aren't any mistakes hidden within the text. Again getting feedback in this department is important to finalizing your text.

Issue 6

The title of issue 6 of the book is called Research: more than detective work. There are 5 main parts of covered in this issue. The first main part is called Keeping the story straight. The point that this part is trying to get across to the reader is that your writing needs to stay consistent. This is important in writing because it will make it easier to read then a text that is all over the place with its writing. The first thing that you need to do to make this happen is to organize your information before you start writing. The second part of the issue is called Tracking down sources. The main point that this part is trying to get across is that you need to find the best source to use. More specifically when you have a lot of sources you have to find a source with both the best quality and quantity of information in the source. To do this you have to find the best parts of each source to figure out what source is indeed the best source to use. The third part is called Deciding which sources to trust. The main point of this part is to figure out which of your sources is the most credible. To do this you have to check multiple parts of the writing that could make the source not credible. You need to look at the author because most of the time you can tell if the source is credible based on the person who wrote it. The fourth part in the issue is called making sources talk: summary, paraphrase, quotation. In this part of the issue it talks about how to properly use sources in your writing.The first step is the summarize the source. To set up contexts and provide background information. the second step is to paraphrase. This is to give a sense of the authors argument. The third step is to quote. this is to draw attention to the authors own words and phrasing. The fifth and final part of this issue is called coming clean with citation. This talks about how you have to cite your sources used in your paper properly. this is important because you have to give credit to the people you borrowed the information for your own paper from. you do this because they are the source of your information otherwise it would be called cheating.

issue post 5

The title of issue 5 is "composing together." There a four main points in this issue. "Getting Together"," Multiplying your research options", "Collaborating with the audience", "Managing collaborative writing projects." All the issue talks about in summary is how to write an effective paper using research. the issue will teach you how in this issue The first major part of the issue talks about how collaborating is a critical skill when it comes to success in any field. many people don't like to work in groups because it can be difficult to collaborate on things. collaborating with people makes you stronger, and it makes things easier. In the second part of the issue it talks about multiplying your research options for better results. When you use multiple sources to write a paper you will have multiple points of view and have a better chance on writing a more effective paper. the issue then compares that to coyotes being in your house and having to call animal support. because coyotes need to things litter and food. without those two things they wouldn't be there. There are 3 major things regarding it. "ask a librarian","creating a social network page"," research". with those three things you can finally make a proper essay. for the collaborating with the audience. the main point the make about this part is the rhetorical triangle. The target the audience part of the triangle the most. Finding out what your target audience is is very important. The other important part of it is the author, or what the characters in the book do is add an s so authors. The issue ends with the characters telling someone to start writing a paper with everything they talked about in the issue. 

Issue 4

The title of the fourth issue of Understanding Rhetoric is "Argument beyond pro and con." more precisely the issue will dive into four things. These include "Spotlighting strategies for arguments", "Setting the scene for arguable assertions", "Zooming in on claims and evidence","Focusing on effective organization." All academic arguments are is a conversation with one person trying to persuade the other person to consider his or her viewpoint. One way of doing this effectively is to back up your claims with solid evidence, this way it makes your argument seem legit. When someone says something the other person might bring in cause and effect, and ask a question related to the statement said. The issue then moves on to "Setting the scene for arguable assertions." In this part of the issue they mainly talk about how you should always consider both sides to an argument. this is due to the fact that one side might be right and you don't know which one that would be. An argument the book makes is how children who were brought into a country illegally if they should be treated as criminals, even though they didn't have a say in the move. The issue then moves into  "Zooming in on claims and evidence." this dives into claims and evidence. 1. What happened, 2. How it happened, 3. Who was affected, 4. Why its a problem. This stresses the importance of how your claims in writing should always have a solid claim to back it up. The Issue shows different ways how evidence can be shown to back up claims. On top of that you need to have a good explanation with that, because that is very important.. The issue then moves on to "Focusing on effective organization." This part says that writing is like making a sandwich, because you need to put writing in the correct order for it to come across good. The sandwich start of with an introductory claim, then context & background, evidence, analysis, implications, and concluding claim. this is important because this way your writing will seem legit. Cause and effect is what you want to achieve with your writing. You back this up with your own values.

Issue 3 blog Post

The third issue of the book Understanding Rhetoric talks about writing identities. On the cover page it says that this issue will cover 3 things. "leaping into identities in writing", "Trying out choices for different audiences" , "Revealing the performer within the texts." For the "leaping into identities in writing" part of the issue the characters first talk about how rhetoric is about presenting a character you can trust, this is very present in this book. the two characters in this book seem trustworthy, because of the fact that they know what they are talking about. This is backed up by making the characters have passionate emotions and rational arguments. The characters then meet a super hero called Metamorph, he says "writing means always changing" more specifically he uses the term "morph" you need to morph into what you are writing about. for example if you want to write about something scientific, you need to put yourself into the shoes of a scientist. this goes for any topic you may be writing about. It talks about how certain people may be more credible to certain people. For example a college students's blog might seem credible to young teenagers. On the other side the book says a discussion on Middle East Peace Talks a college student might not help. As a writer it is not okay to fake your identity as someone who you are not. As a gang member or drug dealer this might be okay but as a writer it is not. When writing you really want to make sure you do your research on the topic you are writing about. this is important because it can hurt your credibility if you don't. When writing you may want to try out different choices to target different audiences. for example if you say something outrages online it might attract attention but saying it in real life may have different consequences. There are a lot of factors when it comes to great writing such as. Data, evidence, tone, and voice. The performance of the writing is also very important. The way the writing is performed. Depending on the performance it can have a positive or negative effect on the writing. The issue really stresses that being your original self is the best way to write, you shouldn't be someone you are not when it comes to writing. The book then talks about ha stags which im not hundred percent sure how this will help us.

Issue 2 Blog Post

Issue 2



The second issue (chapter) of the understanding rhetoric textbook is about strategic reading. The first thing the book dives into is "critical reading", which is very important when reading important things. The book continues to explain it with a little history lesson about Frederick Douglas. He was an escaped slave. After all that it goes on to the importance of comprehensive critical reading. this shows that you have to analyze the reading and break it down into different parts. they show this with a illustration all the elements found in blood. Writers may also try to separate themselves from what th/ey are writing. emotional distance is one example, they use words like "saying" or "supposing". another example is the writer might include implicit messages is their writing. for example it showed how Douglas was an observer of slavery and not a victim thus you can trust him. Then there is explication, which means to unfold or get the bigger picture. This can reveal and uncover ideas not directly suggested in the text. Jonathan and Liz then mention logos, pathos, and ethos again. Pathos showed Douglas's fear and pity, and his overall emotions. For Logos Douglas says that america is logically not a great and safe place to live. For Ethos it showed how he had authority but he was ethical. The book then talks about once you have everything together you can start to put stuff together so it makes more sense. This process is called synthesis. The book then goes on to analyze a picture of him. Books in the 19th Century often had a picture of the author on the front of the book. The book then says with each assertive version of the book was a better picture of the author. Sometimes people might doubt a books authenticity because there are multiple versions of the book. The book then talks about how Fredrick Douglas's can be read as another book because you can apply ideas and philosophy from one text to another. Sometimes you read texts side by side this is called compare and contrast.When you compare and contrast texts you start to make lists on how the texts are similar and different from one and other.With application questions you can start to apply the texts to new situations.There is another type of critical reading. this involves thinking about ideal writers when screaming texts.Fredrick Douglas used this method by trying to feel what his ideal reader would feel.  smart readers highlight and use symbols to better understand the information written in the books. Experts who analyze books do this to a greater extend.  In the last part of this issue of the book it switches to "Reframe with luis & Cindy. In this part it talks about the terrorist attack 9/11. It just talks about all that happened during  the event. it then shows a bunch of characters standing on a comic with pictures of the event. which shows 4 parallel timelines. and then it explains that the black comic keeps the reader focused.

Introduction & Issue 1 (Why Rhetoric?)

Introduction:



For the introduction to this book the two characters (Jonathan and Liz). Both these characters show how writing can communicate in different ways. The book uses different visuals to help convey the message they are trying to get across. In the "exploring visual literacy" part, the book shows how images can be altered to show a different message to the viewer. this is the case in movies as well. the way characters interact, and how close they are to each other can show different meanings. The book says that visual literacy is a really important part of our culture. This is the reason why this book is in the form of a comic book. Realistic representation, abstract symbolism, conscious messages and unconscious associations are all important parts of visual literacy. They also explain why the textbook is in the form of a comic book. The reason for this is they want to use visual literacy to teach English composition, they believe this way they can make it fun to learn. At the end of the introduction chapter, the book shows a board game with rhetorical situations. It shows ways how you can analyze texts and gives you hints on where you can find more information on that subject

issue 1:

The first issue is called "why rhetoric?" The first question asked is "what is a rhetorical question?" The book says people call it rhetorical because no answer is actually expected. it talks about how rhetoric was used to shut down arguments because you would sound smarter than the other person. The book then goes into a little history lesson. It talks about how the word rhetoric in original Greek meant Eiro. This word simply meant "to say".  Negative ideas about rhetoric were traced back to the Greek philosopher Plato. He said "rhetoric is intended only to hide flaws, not encourage self-improvement. The second historical person they mention is Aristotle. He was a student of the Greek philosopher Plato. His thinking contributed much to the development of western empirical and scientific thought. for some time only philosophers and scholars could learn rhetoric. Then rhetorical concept got let loose on the world. Aristotle has given to us some powerful ways to think about rhetoric and communication. these ways were called Ethos (Ethical, Ethics) , Pathos (Empathy), Logos (Logic) and Kairos. Ethos was is used to see how credible the speaker or writer is. Pathos is using emotion in a debate or argument. Logos is to appeal to reasoning. The third philosopher the book talks about is Cicero. He was the one who really understood the importance of kairos. Before he was executed he said "There is nothing proper about what you are doing soldier...but at least make sure you cut my head off properly." The book then goes on and shows differnt ways the rhetorical ways are used in everyday life. They show two characters working on two flyers for fraternities and sororities. they show how a difference in visual literacy and wording can make all the difference in what message you are trying to convey